PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN MUSLIM ATAS PEMBERIAN VAKSIN CORONA VIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 33 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG JAMINAN PRODUK HALAL
Keywords:
Legal Protection, Muslim Consumers, Halal Products, COVID 19 VaccineAbstract
Article 28E paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution has affirmed the right of every individual to practice their religion, choose education, work, citizenship, residence, and the right to return to the territory of the country. This article affirms that the state grants basic rights to its citizens to embrace religion and worship according to their beliefs. The majority of the Indonesian population is Muslim, which has an obligation to avoid things that are forbidden and consume halal. Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantees mandates that all products circulating in Indonesia must have halal certificates. However, in the COVID-19 vaccination program, the government has not provided a guarantee of the halalness of several types of vaccines such as Astra Zeneca, Johnson and Johnson, Moderna, Novavax Inc, and the Pfizer Inc. And BioNTech vaccines. Problem formulation, What is the Legal Position of Muslim Consumers based on laws and regulations in Indonesia? What is the Legal Protection Given to Muslim Consumers for the Provision of the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) Vaccine in Indonesia? The research method used is the Normative legal research method with document study data collection techniques and expert interviews, the data obtained is processed and analyzed using qualitative methods (not using numbers or mathematical formulas). The Republic of Indonesia is not a religious state, but the Republic of Indonesia which is based on Pancasila places religion in an important position, so it is very natural that many laws and court decisions recognize and guarantee the position of a religion including Islam and Muslim consumers in the Republic of Indonesia. Legal protection for Muslim consumers is a right that must be given to Muslim citizens, meanwhile, the state also has a responsibility to protect all its citizens, including providing protection and guarantees for the halal and goodness of the COVID-19 vaccine product (Halalan Toyyiban) several types of COVID 19 vaccines provided and distributed by the Government through the Indonesian Ministry of Health to the Indonesian people, some of which are halal certified, some are not halal certified (haram) and some are even not halal certified / not halal at all. Supervision and Socialization regarding laws and regulations related to Halal Product Guarantee (JPH) need to be massively increased to various interested parties, especially the Government as the Organizer of Halal Product Guarantee, Business Actors, and Consumers.
References
1. Buku
Abdul Aziz dahlan, Ensiklopedi Hukum Islam, PT. Ichtiar Baru Van Hoeve, Jakarta, 2006 Adityo Susilo, dkk,
Aisjah Girindra, Pengukir Sejarah Sertifikasi Halal, LP POM MUI, Jakarta, 2021
Anita Zulfiani, Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Agama, Yogyakarta, 2021, Genta
Publishing
Azhari Akmal Tarigan, Konsep Halal Dalam Perspektif Alquran, Jurnal Wapada Medan, 2014
Bambang Sunggono, Metodologi Penelitian Hukum, (Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2012), Bernard L Tanya dkk, Teori Hukum: Strategi Tertib Manusia Lintas Ruang dan Generasi, Genta Publising, Yogyakarta, 2013
Dahlan Thaib Dkk, Teori dan Hukum Konstitusi, Jakarta, 2008, PT. Raja Grafindo
Farid Wajdi & Diana Susanti, Kebijakan Hukum Produk Halal di Indonesia, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta, 2021
Kaelan M.S, Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Bidang Filsafat (Yogyakarta: paradigma, 2005). Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2005. Patahna, Muchlis. Problematika Notaris. Jakarta: Rajawali, 2009.
M. Quraish Shihab, Wawasan: Tafsir Maudhu`i atas pelbagai Persoalan Umat, Bandung, Mizan, 2003
Philipus M. Hadjon, Pengantar Hukum Admistrasi Negara, Yogyakarta, Gadjah Mada University Press, 2011
Said Sampara dkk, Pengantar Ilmu Hukum, Total Media, Yogyakarta, 2011
Sidharta Arief, Meuwissen Tentang Pengembanan Hukum, Ilmu Hukum, Teori Hukum dan Filsafat Hukum, PT Refika Aditama, Bandung, 2007
Shidarta, Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen Indonesia, Grasindo, Jakarta, 2006,
Satjipto Rahardjo. Ilmu Hukum, Editor Awaludin Marwan, PT Citra Aditya Bakti, Bandung, 2012
Soekanto, Soerjono. Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Cet. III. Jakarta: UI Press, 1986.dan Sri Mamudji. Penelitian Hukum Normatif Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Cet. 19. Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2019.
Sunggono, Bambang. Metodologi Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2012. Solly Lubis, Filsafat Ilmu Dan Penelitian, (Bandung: Mandar Maju, 1994),
Sri Mamudji,et al., Metode Penelitian dan Penulisan Hukum, (Depok : Badan Penerbit Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2005),
Teguh Prasetyo, Keadilan Bermartabat, Nusa Media, Bandung, 2015
Yovita A. Mangesti & Bernard L. Tanya, Moralitas Hukum, Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing. 2014
Zulham, Peran Negara Dalam Perlindungan Konsumen Muslim Terhadap Produk Halal,
Jakarta, 2018, Kencana.
2. Peraturan perundang-undangan
Undang-undang Dasar Tahun 1945
Undang-undang Nomor 1/PNPS/1965 tentang Penyalahgunaan dan/atau Penodaan Agama
Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen Undang-undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia
Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2005 tentang Pengesahan International Convenant on Civil and Political Righat (Konvenan Internasional Tentang Hak-Hak Sipil dan Politik)
Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 31 Tahun 2019 Tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan Terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 Tentang Jaminan Produk Halal
Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 99 Tahun 2020 tentang Pengadaan Vaksin dan Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi Dalam Rangka Penanggulangan Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid 19)
Peraturan Presiden Nomor 14 Tahun 2021 tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Presiden Nomor 99 Tahun 2020 tentang Perubahan Atas Pengadaan Vaksin dan Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi dalam rangka Penanggulangan Pandemi Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19);
Putusan Nomor 31P/HUM/2022 tanggal 14 April 2022
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 10 Tahun 2021 Tentang Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi Dalam Rangka Penanggulangan Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid 19)
Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor HK.01.07/MENKES/1602/2022 Tentang Penetapan Jenis Vaksin Untuk Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
