GLOBALISASI DAN IDENTITAS MUSLIM: PENGARUH BUDAYA POPULER, DIGITALISASI, DAN NEOLIBERALISME TERHADAP PERILAKU KEAGAMAAN SISWA MUSLIM

Abstract

Globalization has become a macro structural landscape that redefines nearly every dimension of twenty first century life, religious institutions and identities included. This article critically examines the influence of globalization, materialized through the penetration of popular culture, the massification of digitalization, and the hegemony of neoliberalism, upon shifts in the religious identity and conduct of Muslim students. The study is library research employing a sociology of religion approach, drawing on Stuart Hall on identity construction, Homi Bhabha on hybridity, Mike Featherstone on consumer culture, Bryan Turner on the commodification of religion, Manuel Castells on the network society, and Zygmunt Bauman on liquid modernity. Analysis proceeds through content analysis of primary sources comprising the works of these theorists together with relevant Sufi and exegetical texts, alongside secondary literature on contemporary Islam in Indonesia. The findings indicate that globalization generates challenges in the form of spiritual shallowing driven by the commercialization of religion and algorithmic disruption, a displacement of religious authority from scholars grounded in transmission chains toward digital preachers, generational conflict between parents and children, the emergence of split identity, and polarization between secular and ultraconservative poles. Yet the same phenomena open space for new agency, more inclusive dialogue, and the reconstruction of an adaptive Muslim identity that retains its prophetic substance. As a constructive articulation, the article proposes a blueprint comprising the reconstruction of Islamic education grounded in critical digital literacy, the strengthening of family religiosity, the optimization of inclusive Islamic digital activism, and education in religious moderation, in order to sustain the resilience of Muslim student identity in the contemporary era.